
Andreas Lindqvist
Research engineer

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass versus calorie restriction: support for surgery as the direct contributor to aloncltered responses of insulin and incretins to a mixed meal
Author
Summary, in English
Objective
To study the immediate effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on glucose homeostasis, insulin, and incretin responses to mixed-meal tests compared with the effects of calorie restriction (CR).
Setting
University-affiliated bariatric surgery clinic.
Background
RYGB induces remission of type 2 diabetes (T2 D) long before significant weight loss occurs. The time course and underlying mechanisms of this remission remain enigmatic. A prevailing theory is that secretory patterns of incretin hormones are altered due to rearrangement of the gastrointestinal tract. To what extent reduced calorie intake contributes to the remission of T2 D is unknown.
Methods
Nine normoglycemic patients and 10 T2 D patients were subjected to mixed-meal tests (MMT) 4 weeks before surgery before initiation of a very low calorie diet regimen (MMT-4 w), 1 day before surgery on a very low calorie diet regimen (MMT-1 d), on the morning of the first day after surgery (MMT+1 d; first postsurgical meal), and 6 weeks after surgery (MMT+6 w). Insulin, glucose, active glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) were measured.
Results
CR lowered insulin in T2 D patients, whereas glucose, GIP, and GLP-1 were unaffected. RYGB immediately increased plasma insulin and GIP. The GLP-1 response was delayed compared with the GIP response. T2 D patients exhibited lower insulin responses after RYGB compared with normoglycemic patients. GIP responses were similar in both groups at all occasions, whereas T2 D patients displayed markedly elevated GLP-1 responses 6 weeks after RYGB. Glucose was unaffected by CR and RYGB in both groups. Insulin sensitivity was unaffected by CR but improved with RYGB.
Conclusion
RYGB exerts powerful and immediate effects on insulin and incretin responses to food, independently of changes caused by CR.
Department/s
- Neuroendocrine Cell Biology
- Genomics, Diabetes and Endocrinology
- EXODIAB: Excellence of Diabetes Research in Sweden
Publishing year
2017
Language
English
Pages
234-242
Publication/Series
Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases
Volume
13
Issue
2
Links
Document type
Journal article
Publisher
Elsevier
Topic
- Endocrinology and Diabetes
Keywords
- Bariatric surgery
- gastric bypass
- incretins
- calorie restriction
Status
Published
Research group
- Neuroendocrine Cell Biology
- Genomics, Diabetes and Endocrinology
ISBN/ISSN/Other
- ISSN: 1550-7289